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Getting Started with a
TCP/IP Internet Account to
a network computer and the Internet
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1. Introduction
1.1 What is TCP/IP Access to a network computer?
TCP/IP provides "network-level" access
via telephone-and-modem from your home computer to a network computer and to the worldwide
Internet. With TCP/IP access, you are able to use the same microcomputer client software
that you might use on a computer with a direct (Ethernet) connection to a network
computer: Telnet, Netscape, Microsoft Internet Explorer, FTP, POPmail programs such as
Eudora, Netscape Mail, Microsoft Internet Mail, Microsoft Exchange Mail, and so on.
By comparison, conventional telephone-and-modem
access to a network computer and the Internet involves using a simpler communications
program, HyperTerminal for example, so that your computer can emulate a terminal. This
enables you to log into a large host computer where you may be able to use Telnet, Lynx,
FTP, and E-mail, but only with the host-provided interface.
When connected via TCP/IP, your computer
temporarily becomes a part of a network computer. The home computer uses a modem, and only
relatively small quantities of data can be moved quickly across its link. Hence, some
common Internet activities (such as downloading large files or accessing and displaying
remote graphics files) may proceed slowly.
1.2 Obtaining an Account and Other Requirements
In order to use TCP/IP, you must obtain a
network computer TCP/IP Account from an internet provider. Look in your local yellow
pages, under Internet or Computers for available internet providers.
The network computer TCP/IP Account is a special
kind of account which permits you to dial into a special modem pool at your internet
provider and access the network with TCP/IP-based software. It is not an
account on a computer you log into and use for e-mail or other communications purposes. To
have an e-mail account, you must subscribe to another online provider or the same internet
provider as your TCP/IP account, but you must also request and probably pay for the e-mail
account.
To summarize:
a network computer TCP/IP Account- permits network-level TCP/IP access
to a network computer
Most network providers support the following
IBM-type PC hardware/software configuration for TCP/IP access to a network computer:
* IBM-type PC running Microsoft Windows 3.x and Windows 95
* 10 megabytes or more of free hard disk space
* High-density floppy disk drive
* Trumpet Winsock TCP/IP software running on Windows
* Any error-correcting modem. A 9600/14400 bps or 28.8+ Kbps modem
is strongly advised. To support speeds greater than 14400 bps, a
modem should support the V.34 high-speed modem
standard.
To use your new TCP/IP account with Windows 95
you must have both your modem and Dial-up Networking properly installed and configured. To
configure your modem check the on-line help for Windows 95 or the manual for your modem.
Please note that after you complete some of these steps Windows 95 may suggest that you
restart your computer. Follow the instructions that Windows 95 recommends and then
continue configuring Dial-Up Networking where you left off. To configure Dial-Up
Networking please read all of the following information. If you already have dial up
networking installed skip to section 3.
This document describes requirements and
installation procedures for using Microsoft Windows 95 for remote access to a network
computer.
Many other hardware and software configurations
in addition to those listed above are possible, and a wide variety of commercial software
packages supporting TCP/IP access are available.
1.3 What Phone Number Do I Call?
The phone number of the network computer TCP/IP
modem pool is given to you when you subscribe to your internet provider. This is the
number you call to connect to the network computer and the internet.
2. Installation
2.1 Software Requirements
* Microsoft Windows 95 with Dial up networking installed
* TCP/IP software, e.g. Netscape, Microsoft
Internet Explorer
2.2 Hardware Requirements
* 4 or more megabytes of memory
* 10 megabytes or more of free hard disk space
* High-density floppy disk drive
* Error-correcting modem, configured for hardware (RTS/CTS) flow
control; a 9600 bps modem or faster is strongly advised; a modem
faster than 14400 bps should be a V.34 standard
modem
2.3 Installation Checklist
Check off each of the following items as you
make sure you've met the stated requirement or followed the specific installation
instructions for each.
____ 2.3.1 Hardware and Software requirements
Does your PC meet the software and hardware requirements
stated in section 2.1 and 2.2 above?
____ 2.3.2 Account(s) obtained
Have you obtained your network computer TCP/IP Account
username and password?
____ 2.3.3 Software obtained
Have you obtained the PC software described in Section 2.1
above?
____ 2.3.4 Networking software installed
Have you installed optional software provided by your
Internet provider and/or have you installed Netscape or
Microsoft Internet Explorer?
____ 2.3.5 Configuring Dial-Up Networking:
Double click the My Computer icon located on the Windows
95 desktop and look for a folder inside of it called Dial
Up Networking. If it is present go to step 2.3.6. If it is
not, then go to the next step.
Click on the Start button from the taskbar, then select Settings, and then Control Panel. Double-click the Add/Remove Programs icon. Select the Windows Setup tab, then click on the Communications option and press Details. Make sure that the Dial-up Networking option is selected and click OK and
then again. Windows 95 will attempt to install the needed
drivers, so make sure you have your Windows 95 installation
disks or CD readily available. Follow the Windows 95
installation instructions and continue with the TCP/IP Dial
account setup. Please note that you will probably have to
restart your computer after installing Dial-Up Networking, so
you might want to quit any applications you have running
before proceeding. At some point through the installation
procedure you will be prompted to put in a Windows username
and password and your workgroup name. Put in any information
that you like and click OK.
____ 2.3.6 Verify that the Dial-up Adapter and TCP/IP Protocol are installed:
Pressing the start button from the taskbar, next select Settings, and then Control Panel. When the Control Panel folder opens double-click the Network Icon. Click on the Configuration tab and make sure that the Dial-Up Adapter and TCP/IP protocol are present. If they are both installed go to step 2.3.7. If the Dial-Up Adapter is not present go to
the next item. If the TCP/IP protocol is not
installed skip the next item and go on to the one after it.
To add the Dial-Up Adapter, click on the Add
button, double- click Adapter, select the Microsoft option by scrolling through the
available list of choices, then choose the Dial- Up Adapter and click OK.
To install TCP/IP, click on the Add button,
double-click on the Protocol option, then select the Microsoft option, then select TCP/IP,
and click OK. The Computer will restart.
Check your Network settings again. The Network
dialogue box should now have the Dial-Up Adapter and TCP/IP listed in it. Keep the
Networking control panel dialogue box open since there is still some configuration to do
here.
____ 2.3.7 Configure the Dial-Up adapter to use the TCP/IP protocol:
From within the Networking Configuration
Dialogue box select the Dial-Up Adapter, click on the Properties button, then click on the
Bindings tab, and make sure that the TCP/IP box is checked, click OK to close the Bindings
tab. Again do not close the Networking Dialogue Box.
____ 2.3.8 Configure your TCP/IP Protocol for Dynamic IP Addressing:
Click on the TCP/IP protocol and press the
Properties button. This will bring up the TCP/IP Properties box. There are six sections in
this dialogue box.
The IP Address Tab should be the first page to open. If it is not open then click on the tab called IP Address. Then
click in the circle to select the Obtain an IP address
automatically option.
Select the WINS Configuration Tab. Then click in
the circle to Disable WINS.
Select the Gateway Tab. This option should be
left as it is, it will be supplied dynamically once you are connected.
Select the Bindings Tab. Check to see that
Client for Microsoft Networks option is checked.
For the Advanced Tab, no changes are required.
Select the DNS Configuration and set up the
following information:
1.Click on the circle to enable DNS.
2.Enter your user name in the Host box.
3.For Domain, put in the domain name provided to you by your
internet provider.
4.In the DNS Server Search Order section, put in the IP address provided to you by your internet provider and
press the Add button.
5.In the Domain Suffix Search Order section, type in the
domain name provided to you by your internet provider and
press the Add button.
When you're all done setting these options,
press the OK button. Then press the OK button in the Network dialog box. Windows 95 will
ask you to restart the computer, do so.
____ 2.3.9 Set up the Dial up Networking to Connect to the Internet
Open up My Computer from the desktop and double-click the Dial-Up Networking icon. Double-click the Make New Connection icon. This will walk you through the
Make New Connection wizard.
Type in "TCP/IP Dial-Up Access" for the name of the computer you are dialing. Your modem (which should have been configured when you installed Windows 95) should be shown in the Select a modem area. Press the Configure button. Select the correct speed based on the following information:
9600Bps Data modem make the maximum speed 38400.
14.4KBps Data Modem make the maximum speed 57600.
28.8+KBps Data Modem make the maximum speed
115200.
If you have an external modem and you do not
have a buffered serial port (a 16550 UART) select 19200 as the maximum speed. You can find
out what type of serial port you have by double clicking on the modem icon in the control
panel and clicking on the diagnostics tab for the correct com port and clicking on the
more info button. This may take a few minutes.
Regardless of your speed settings DO NOT select Only connect at this speed. By not selecting this you will allow your modem to negotiate the optimum connection with the TCP/IP
modem pool.
For the Connection section, leave the default
settings.
Select the Options section, leave the Bring up
terminal window after dialing unchecked and click the OK button.
Click the Next button in the Make New Connection
wizard.
1.Enter in the phone number to connect to provided to you by
your Internet provider for the phone number. Put in *70,
(with the comma before the number) to disable Call Waiting
if you have it. This will disable call waiting for this
call only.
2.Press the Finish button and your icon will be
created.
____ 2.3.10 Setting the Dial-Up Properties:
Select your TCP/IP Dial-Up Access icon. Click the right
mouse button and choose Properties.
Click the Server Type button.
In the Type of Dial-Up Server section choose the
TCP/IP, Windows 95, Windows NT 3.5, Internet server option.
Make sure that Log on to network in the Advanced
options section is not checked.
Also, make sure that TCP/IP in the Allowed
network protocols section is checked. Then press the OK button. Click the OK button in the
remaining dialog box, then click OK again.
____ 2.4 Dialing in and Getting Connected:
Double-click your TCP/IP Dial-Up Access icon that you
recently made. You'll get the Connect To dialog box with a
blank user-name and password field. Enter the information
given to you from your internet provider (e.g. username and
password) in the appropriate fields.
Press the Connect button and your modem will
start dialing. After a few rings, the TCP/IP Modem pool will answer. The modems will try
to connect at the best rate possible, this may take a few seconds. If you get timed out
try connecting once more with the same settings. If after trying once again your modem
still does not connect check your modem's initialization string.
Make sure your modem is on and attached to a
phone line.
Select "Connect" from the Dialer menu. This selection runs
a script which will attempt to connect to a network computer
and login with your username and password. When dial-in is
completed, you can "minimize" the
TCP/IP window.
Try running Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer: it will
automatically attempt a connection to the World-Wide-Web. If
you succeed in connecting to the Web, then the installation
was a success!
When you are done and wish to disconnect from the Internet,
select "Disconnect" from the TCP/IP
status window.
If your connection attempt fails, any of a large range of
things might have gone wrong. Follow these
steps:
-try connecting a second time
-check your configuration. Retrace your steps in setting
up your software
-see the troubleshooting section of this
document
-if all fails, make careful notes of any error or warning
messages you see on your screen and, at your next
opportunity, send an e-mail message or call your internet
provider, and let them know the details of what
happened.
3. Application Notes
3.1 Windows 95 Specific Applications
Most of these applications are available in 32
bit or Windows 95 specific versions.
3.2 Telnet (included with Windows 95)
Check your Windows 95 documentation for information on the built in
telnet software.
3.3 Netscape
Netscape must be configured with your name and electronic mail
address in order to receive your e-mail. Select "Options",
"Preferences", "Mail and
Proxies" and fill in the fields:
Mail Server: Your mail server name provided to you by
your e-mail provider
Your Name: Your name
Your E-mail: Your e-mail address
3.4 Microsoft Internet Explorer
Microsoft Internet Explorer must be configured with your name and
electronic mail address in order to receive your e-mail. Select
"Mail", "Options", "Server" from the Microsoft Internet Mail Menu
and fill in the fields:
Name: Your Name
Organization: Your organization
E-mail Address: Your e-mail address
Outgoing Mail (SMTP): Your mail server name provided to you by
your e-mail provider
Incoming Mail (POP3): Your mail server name provided to you by
your e-mail provider
Account Name: Your internet account username
Password: Your internet account password
4. Solving Problems
The most common problems with TCP/IP dial-in and Microsoft Windows
result from either a modem that has not been configured to use
"hardware" (RTS/CTS) flow-control or from an attempt to communicate
at a speed beyond the capabilities of Windows and the particular PC
being used.
4.1 Modem Hardware Flow-Control
Most new modems shipped today are configured at the factory for
"hardware" flow control; many older modems were not. If you
experience communication problems - especially the symptom of
successful initial dial-in connection but lack of success when
running an application like Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer
or Telnet - the safest course of action is to explicitly configure
your modem for hardware flow control.
4.2 Attempting 28.8+ Kbps Communications
Successful communications at 28.8+ Kbps is highly dependent upon
telephone line quality; not all line characteristics affecting data
communications are audible to the human ear. Connection quality can
vary widely according to your location or time-of-day, or even the
weather. As a result, connections can be "flaky", especially if
the quality of the phone connection is just on the border of being
adequate for full-speed 28.8+ Kbps communications. Sometimes
things work better if you lower your connection speed to 19.2 Kbps.